The Gamestop Corporation Pestle Analysis - Complete Solution

Question: Describe about the Pestle Analysis of the Gamestop Corporation? Answer: Executive Summary In this research, the researcher has extracted various frameworks that make a contextual analysis on GameStop Corporation. The ideas will frame an everlasting network that will progress various concepts in making a global territory on GameStop Corporation. Here, the researcher will vary major goals that would access marketing objectives on Game stores hub. The researcher has also varied with PESTEL analysis in making a clear idea through political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors that would access the marketing objectives clearly. Hence, the concept would be determined in making the objective evident to increase trade value through a network topology on relative gaming sections. Are You Daunted by the Thought of Due Assignments? Avail Our Services and Receive Assignment Help from Experts. Introduction Gaming in todays world is just a beginning where the virtual image is seen to be real. In this research, the researcher has taken GameStop-Power to Players to relate its objectives and backgrounds through PESTEL analysis. The researcher has taken unique ideas to relate the research of GameStop to a new platform (Botzakis, 2011). Here, the game providers are provided with Shop Play Station, Gaming Accessories, Shop Xbox One, and others. The company has its prime sources all over the country, and its Corporate Office is located at the USA. The new locators come to this GameStop hub to enjoy gaming to a new level. The ideas on Gaming have gone some way to a higher level, where the virtual image is seen to be real now. People experience gaming at their home, Play stations, mobile devices, and other areas where they find relevant but the most appropriate area to find gaming is in places like GameStop (Chinomona and Sandada, 2013). To analyze the research further, the researcher will demonstrate PESTEL analysis in providing a justification to review its factors that correlate the impact on GameStop. The ideas will sustain through a partial framework to motivate new complexion of research with the help of marketing objectives that how Gaming has influenced the customers with a definite position in this modern world (Chris Adalikwu, 2012). Hence, this will review to make the Gaming Zone a network where people can feel their hands liking driving a car, flying abroad, hunting and others. Background of the GameStop GameStop Corporation is a video game unit on America, has wireless service user faculty and electronics retailer. The headquarters of the company is located at Grapevine, Texas. The company has its retail store located on GameStop, Micromania, EB game brands. The founder of the company is James McCurrey and Gary M.Kusin and was founded in the year 1984. GameStop is mainly divided into two operating areas that are Video Game Brands and Technology Brands (Dr.Vanitha, 2012). The Technology Brands segment included around 218 retail outlets. This made the business concrete, and the pre-owned video games account around 47% of GameStop revenue at the end of 2014. However, during 2005 GameStop acquired revenue of USD1.44, which expanded its territories over Europe, Canada, New Zealand and Australia (Eisenack and Reckien, 2013). GameStop brings a definite level in this modern world where people experience newer ideas under various platforms. People get their fantasy to play with their favorite heroes. The popular games played on PSP, Xbox, and PlayStation is played over the multiplayer users through advanced level. New gaming hubs are created all over the places over the world. This has influenced ideas to make the competition to a higher level because technology has reached somewhere beyond the touch of a human (Ellington, 2012). There are other brands in GameStop hub, which owned a magazine for the company for subscriptions packages at leading GameStop locations. This is however increased the Credit trade values around 10% on all accessories and game coupons. GameStop also came through the critics that discovered customers in removing new packages from the original one. Failure comes to every Company, but a company with larger dreams can be the one and only, and so has the GameStop one of the popular gamin g hub around the World (Geyer, 2011). PESTEL analysis PESTLE analysis is called sometimes as PEST analysis. It is a concept referred on the marketing objectives and policies that determine various impact and policies of the company. To make the research eventful, the researcher has taken this concept in determining how GameStop will add to planning resources (Yksel, 2012). This will also make the environment subjective in operating planning of latest products and services on GameStop. PESTEL analysis stands for its relative positions where: P for Political area E for Economic area S for Social area T for Technological area E for Environment area L for legal area There may be relative questions associated in framing the whole environment to a definite level. Angles have been created in tracking the plan that would contemplate a new idea in this research. This idea will frame through the marketing convention that makes an ethical dilemma in this research (Yksel, 2012). On conducting the framework, the research would view certain questions that how political situation of the country will affect GameStop? What will be the prevalent economic factors? How technological innovations have led to the marketing structure? The answers of these questions will be under the image of business that how GameStop is attracting more customers through the lead process of innovation and technology. In order to access the economic position, GameStop forms the major backbone of strategic management in defining the company through organizational goals and objectives (Miller and Washington, 2013). Thus, it is important to conduct a PESTLE analysis that will be impera tive to gain companys advantage under the comprehensive version of SWOT analysis. Political factors: In the contemporary world, it is seen that Politics plays a very important role in expanding business territories. This would be under a balanced environment on free markets and system control. Here, the global economies succeed from the domestic economies that are under opportunity and threat to expand on new regions (Meadows, 2013). It applies for major firms that identify optimal resources for production and sales. To make GameStop politic, the major factors are through: Tax policies Governments stability Entry mode of the regulations made Social policies like social welfare, religion, caste Trade regulations that include EU AND NAFTA Economic factors: This factor measures the health of economic regions mainly. The economic state has the tendency to change a lot from the firms lifetime. In comparing the current levels of increase in prices, economical growth, international trades and unemployment, GameStop will judge a better prospect in carrying out a strategic plan (Maricic, et al. 2012). The examples related to this economic plan are as follows: Disposable incomes of most buyer Credit accessibilities Unemployment rate Inflation Interest rate Social factors: This factor assessess on the mentalities of the individual or the consumers that are driven into the market on GameStop. Hence, these may be called as demographic factors. The social indicators include on the exchange rate, inflation, and GDP that are critical on management resources (Marfels, 2011). The factors that help in economy might lead to certain changes that primarily focus on: Population demographics that includes aging in population Change in lifestyle and trends Educational level Distribution of wealth Technological factors: This step recognizes the availability of potential resources that are considered good to be eminent in GameStop Corporation. Here, the technological advancements optimize the internal efficiency that helps various products and services, which become obsolete (Luther, 2011). Hence, the role of business is increasing frequently over the years. Thus, the trend will continue to drive innovations of research and development towards newer dimensions. The evolving technology of GameStop has optimized internal efficiency on a greater scale where management finds deliberate position to adapt it through good strategy. This would be under the strategic change related to threats and opportunities. The common examples are: Innovations and discoveries Rate of technology and its advancement Rate of technology and planning policies Newer technological platforms like VHS and DVD Environmental factors: In this segment, both the consumers and governments are penalized for the firms that have an adverse effect on the environment (Keller and Thackeray, 2011). The gaming area would find a polluting environment as the government puts huge fines on this. The reason is that companies are rewarded for a positive impact on their environment. Hence, the consumer would be willing to switch brands if the business would find an ignorable environment. However, the impact on the environment would raise a major concern on GameStop as the environment would benefit the company evenly (Huntemann and Aslinger, 2013). The common examples include: Waste disposal of certain laws Environmental protection law Regulation on energy consumptions Popular attitudes on environments Legal factors: This step would involve learning on certain laws and regulations in a specific region. Since, this is the last factor in this analysis this would overview the startup links associated on the political framework. There are many legal issues which, affect the company but do not act responsibly (Guarino, 2012). This is due to the legal pitfalls that have the confidentiality in meeting these regulations on GameStop. The common factors include: Employment regulations Competitive regulations Product regulations Patent infringements Health and safety regulations made Thus, it is common to conduct PESTEL analysis in taking any decisions that GameStop Corporation would implement in this research (Botzakis, 2011). The research would however conduct a hypothesis that influences major objectives undertaken on GameStop to address major features. This may be one-to-one process, competitive change on consequences, etc. To analyze the macro-environment, the framework of GameStop should have a strategic change on its competitive development (Chris Adalikwu, 2012). Hence, these would plan to strategize various changes for the company in taking major particular decisions. Justifications made on the decisions of GameStop The decisions made on the effective campaign will relate objectives to study major features associated in developing a plan. This plan will help to demonstrate GameStop accessibly to retain the market share and profitability on decision-making process (Guarino, 2012). However, with the help of marketing objectives GameStop Corporation will create new concepts on vision and demand. In justifying the concepts regarding the factors of GameStop, the following objectives are demonstrated as follows: Creation of demand: The marketing objective will help to create a specific demand in attempting a contrast change in consumers preference. The devices and services that are maintained on GameStop Corporation would enhance customer satisfaction in making the demand on increased rate. However, this would be a customer-oriented method (Huntemann and Aslinger, 2013). Market Share: Here, the business section brings an increasing change in the market with the total sales in economy. GameStop Corporation brings a major change that would help to increase the market to a good extent due to its technology and the advertising procedure. It also has an innovative change on its promotional activities (Luther, 2011). Customer satisfaction: In this method, the marketing managers make most of its demand in offering devices and services for selling purpose (Shilei and Yong, 2009). This helps GameStop Corporation to make the modern market in dealing with customers effectively through a customer-oriented strategy. Generation of profits: This is one of the most important objectives in this topic evolved. To generate revenue, the marketing department would hold good image in increasing huge profits on GameStop Corporation (Plunkett, 2011). However, the change will secure huge profits in surviving in market comfortably. Creation of Good will and Public image: The marketing departments will generate huge profits that will sustain good image on GameStop Corporation (Thomas, 2013). This will also help to generate large amount of revenue terms that monitor to increase profits on the quality, maintenance and service with reasonable prices. Conclusion In this topic, the researcher has concluded various positions that make the research evident in increasing profits and revenue on business promotions. This would enhance comprehensive ideas to justify how GameStop Corporation leads to good justification in making decision and objectives of the solution. The ideal factor in this topic would sustain mean position that have a contemporary environment on service quality and increasing high production on relative game hubs. The researcher has made a clear territory through PESTEL analysis to demonstrate how political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors relate stability in marketing position. This would also attract the target audience that comes from different areas in GameStop to enjoy gaming. Hence, this concludes an evident position that justifies gaming stores has modified the global impact of this new generation to a newer level. This has instanced with new resources and technologies that has advanced a greater framework on GameStop- Power to Players. Reference List: Botzakis, S. (2011). Entertainment and gaming. Chicago, Ill.: Raintree. Chinomona, R. and Sandada, M. (2013). Customer Satisfaction, Trust and Loyalty as Predictors of Customer Intention to Re-Purchase South African Retailing Industry. MJSS. Chris Adalikwu, (2012). Customer relationship management and customer satisfaction. Afr. J. Bus. Manage., 6(22). DR.K.VANITHA, D. (2012). Customer Relationship Management on Customer Satisfaction. IJSR, 3(4), pp.1-3. Eisenack, K. and Reckien, D. (2013). Climate Change and Simulation/Gaming. Simulation Gaming, 44(2-3), pp.245-252. Ellington, H. (2012). How Simulation/Gaming Transformed My Life. Simulation Gaming, 43(2), pp.257-269. Geyer, F. (2011). Growth inventory: aligning marketing investments with growth objectives. Strategy Leadership, 39(1). Guarino, H. (2012). Using target audience feedback to inform a technology-delivered intervention: The development of a Web-based tool for chronic pain patients. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 43(3), p.e5. Huntemann, N. and Aslinger, B. (2013). Gaming globally. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Keller, H. and Thackeray, R. (2011). Social Marketing and the Creative Process: Staying True to Your Social Marketing Objectives. Health Promotion Practice, 12(5), pp.651-653. Lee, H. (2013). Major Moderators Influencing the Relationships of Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty. Asian Social Science, 9(2). Luther, W. (2011). The marketing plan. New York: AMACOM. Marfels, C. (2011). The Monopoly Issue in the Gaming Industry Revisited: The Case of German Casino Gaming. Gaming Law Review and Economics, 15(4), pp.175-177. Maricic, B., Veljkovic, S. and Djordjevic, A. (2012). Customer satisfaction measurement. Marketing, 43(4), pp.235-244. Meadows, D. (2013). Climate Change and Four Goals for Operational Gaming. Simulation Gaming, 44(2-3), pp.229-231. Miller, R. and Washington, K. (2013). Casinos, gaming wagering 2013. Loganville, Ga.: Richard K. Miller Associates. Plunkett, J. (2011). Plunkett's games, apps and social media industry almanac 2012. Houston, TX: Plunkett Research. Shilei, L. and Yong, W. (2009). Target-oriented obstacle analysis by PESTEL modeling of energy efficiency retrofit for existing residential buildings in China's northern heating region. Energy Policy, 37(6), pp.2098-2101. Thomas, S. (2013). Linking customer loyalty to customer satisfaction and store image: a structural model for retail stores. Decision, 40(1-2), pp.15-25. Yaksel, I. (2012). Developing a Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model for PESTEL Analysis. IJBM, 7(24).

APUSH DBQ Sample Essay - How To Write A College Admission Essay

APUSH DBQ Sample Essay - How To Write A College Admission EssayWhen it comes to writing a APUSH DBQ sample essay, you have to go above and beyond what is expected of you. You should come up with something that will make the college admissions officer know you as a student and not some 'dumb' kid who're no good. You have to write a meaningful essay that will be compelling and appealing to the college admissions officer.If you can muster up enough courage to stick your neck out, the college admissions officer will notice the traits and qualities you have to offer the college. He or she will see the courage, the perseverance, the curiosity, the ambition and the determination. It is the same as the way you would go through the college admissions process. Therefore, even if you are not completely sure about the subject, you must still write an essay on the topic.You should practice your APUSH DBQ sample essay with the goal of testing your writing skills. Just think of yourself as the teac her and find out if you can teach the student. If you find that you do not have the required skills for teaching, then it is time to find another teacher.With all the tests that are looming in front of you and how well you perform in it, your APUSH DBQ sample essay should always try to connect with the college admissions officer. You should try to make a connection and then start a conversation with the college admissions officer. Your message should be to get the admissions officer to notice your skills and qualities. In doing so, you are trying to put on a show for the college admissions officer.If the college admissions officer notices you and is impressed with your reasoning, then you are just half way there. If you do not take into consideration the college admissions officer's situation, you will never be able to make a connection with the college admissions officer. They have different life styles and it would be hard for you to cater to their unique needs. So, it is importan t that you consider their need before you write your college admissions essay. That is what it means to be a good writer.On the other hand, if you remember that the college admissions officer is not you but the college admissions officer, then you should not worry about reaching their situation. Write the APUSH DBQ sample essay from the perspective of the college admissions officer and understand how they think and react to situations. You will not be able to understand how they write their own college admissions essay if you are not attuned to their different thinking and behavior.As you can see, you need to have a knowledge of APUSH DBQ so that you can fully understand the requirements you are asked to meet. As you read through these sample essays, you should try to take what is written as your point of view and go back to the college admissions officer to let him or her know that you see them the way they are seen.

Pride And Prejudice Has Two Main Characters, Elizabeth And Darcy, Who

Pride and Prejudice has two main characters, Elizabeth and Darcy, who at the beginning seem to be disgusted at each other. During the book, their views toward each other seem to change and slowly make progress. At the end of the book, their opinions have completely turned around about each other and they even get engaged and later married. Also Elizabeth and Darcy's two views on each other are similar and different in many ways. At the beginning of the book, when they first meet they are not really impressed by each other. Elizabeth thinks that Darcy is a little ?stuck up?, or has a little to much pride and Darcy says that he thinks that Elizabeth is pretty, but not enough to satisfy him: ?She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me . . .? (12). During the main part of the book Darcy is the first to notice Elizabeth's beauty. Austen tells the reader how he did not even give her a chance at first: ?Mr. Darcy had at first scarcely allowed her to be pretty; he had looked at her without admiration at the ball . . .? (21). Although Darcy seem to start liking Elizabeth, Elizabeth then showed her ?pride and prejudice? when she rejects Mr. Darcy for a dance: ?Indeed sir, I have not the least intention of dancing. I entreat you not to suppose that I moved this way in order to beg for a partner?(24). At the end of the book their views on each other have changed drastically, and they come to understand each o ther more and then agree to get married. Price and Prejudice are shown though these main characters in the book. Although they both show a lot of characteristics of each, Elizabeth seems to be more prejudice against Darcy then prideful; and Darcy seems to be more prideful toward himself that prejudice against Elizabeth. Darcy seems almost too good or too rich and too powerful to ever dance with Elizabeth the first time: ?She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me . . .? (12). In addition, Elizabeth seems to judge Darcy before she gets to know him very well. Darcy's and Elizabeth's views upon each other are similar and different in many ways. Elizabeth and Darcy both seem to judge each other before they have a clear sight on each other personalities and their physical appearances. They both have different ways of judging each other though. Darcy tries to insult Elizabeth publicly , but when he does she takes that and turn it around to show how foolish he is. In conclusion, Elizabeth and Darcy start out in the book almost hating each other, but seem to eventually come around and see the bright side. They both have similar personalities, but different ways they express them.

Discover The Marriage Proposal by Anton Chekhov

Discover The Marriage Proposal by Anton Chekhov Anton Chekhov is known for brilliant, full-length plays, yet in his younger years he fancied writing short, one-act comedies like The Marriage Proposal. Filled with wit, irony, and brilliantly developed and impassioned characters, this three-person play shows the young playwright at his best. The Comedies of Anton Chekhov Anton Chekhovs full-length masterpieces may be considered comedies, yet they are filled with dour moments, failed loves, and sometimes even death. This is especially true in his play The Seagull a comedic drama which ends with a suicide. Although other plays such as Uncle Vanya and The Cherry Orchard do not culminate in such an explosive resolution, a feeling of hopelessness permeates each of Chekhovs plays. This is a sharp contrast to some of his more jovial one-act comedies. The Marriage Proposal, for example, is a delightful farce that could have ended very darkly, but the playwright instead maintains its energetic whimsy, concluding in a successful albeit combative engagement. The Characters of A Marriage Proposal The main character, Ivan Vassilevitch Lomov, is a heavy-set man in his mid-thirties, prone to anxiety, stubbornness, and hypochondria. These flaws are further amplified because he becomes a nervous wreck when he tries to propose marriage. Stepan Stephanovitch Chubukov owns land next to Ivan. A man in his early seventies, he gladly grants permission to Ivan, but soon calls off the engagement when an argument over property ensues. His chief concerns are maintaining his wealth and keeping his daughter happy. Natalya Stepanovna is the female lead in this three-person play. She can be jovial and welcoming, yet stubborn, proud and possessive, just like her male counterparts. Plot Summary of A Marriage Proposal The play is set in the  rural countryside of Russia during the late 1800s. When Ivan arrives at the home of the Chubukov family, the elderly Stepan assumes that the well-dressed young man has come to borrow money. Instead, Stepan is pleased when Ivan asks for his daughters hand in marriage. Stepan whole-heartedly bestows his blessing, declaring that he already loves him like a son. The old man then leaves to fetch his daughter, assuring the younger man that Natalya will graciously accept the proposal. While alone, Ivan delivers a soliloquy, explaining his high level of nervousness, as well as a number of physical ailments that have recently plagued his daily life. This monologue sets up everything that unfolds next. Everything is going well when Natalya first enters the room. They chat pleasantly about the weather and agriculture. Ivan attempts to bring up the subject of marriage by first stating how he has known her family since childhood. As he touches upon his past, he mentions his familys ownership of the Oxen Meadows. Natalya stops the conversation to clarify. She believes that her family has always owned the meadows, and this disagreement ignites a caustic debate, one that sends tempers flaring and Ivans heart palpitating. After they yell at each other, Ivan feels dizzy and tries to calm himself down and change the subject back to matrimony, only to get immersed in the argument yet again. Natalyas father joins the battle, siding with his daughter, and angrily demanding that Ivan leave at once. As soon as Ivan is gone, Stepan reveals that the young man has planned to propose to Natalya. Shocked and apparently desperate to be married, Natalya insists that her father bring him back. Once Ivan has returned, she tries to bend the subject toward romance. However, instead of discussing marriage, they begin to argue over which of their dogs is the better hound. This seemingly innocuous topic launches into yet another heated argument. Finally, Ivans heart cannot take it anymore and he flops down dead. At least thats what Stepan and Natalya believe for a moment. Fortunately, Ivan breaks out of his fainting spell and regains his senses enough for him to propose to Natalya. She accepts, but before the curtain falls, they return to their old argument regarding who owns the better dog. In short, The Marriage Proposal is a delightful gem of a comedy. It makes one wonder why so much of Chekhovs full-length plays (even the ones labeled as comedies) seem so thematically heavy. The Silly and the Serious Sides of Chekhov So, why is The Marriage Proposal so whimsical whereas his full-length plays are realistic? One reason that may account for the silliness found in this one-act is that The Marriage Proposal was first performed in 1890  when Chekhov was just entering his thirties and still in relatively good health. When he wrote his famous comedy-dramas his illness (tuberculosis) had more severely affected him. Being a physician, Chekhov must have known that he was nearing the end of his life, thereby casting a shade over The Seagull and the other plays. Also, during his more prolific years as a playwright, Anton Chekhov traveled more and beheld many impoverished, marginalized people of Russia, including inmates of a penal colony. The Marriage Proposal is a humorous microcosm of marital unions among the Russian upper class in late 19th century Russia.   This was Chekhovs world during his late 20s. As he became more worldly, his interests in others outside the middle classes increased. Plays such as Uncle Vanya and The Cherry Orchard feature an ensemble of characters from many different economic classes, from the wealthiest to the most impoverished. Finally, one must consider the influence of Constantin Stanislavski, a theater director who would become one of the most important figures in modern theater. His dedication to bringing a naturalistic quality to drama may have further inspired Chekhov to write less silly plays, much to the chagrin of theater-goers who like their comedies broad, loud, and full of slapstick.

Machiavelli and Hobbes Theories on Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Machiavelli and Hobbes Theories on Power - Essay Example While both offer ways to subdue insurgency and limit dissent, their works are deeply moral in nature. In fact so much so, that it is not possible to understand how they understand power without initially understanding what ethical conditions underlie the need to use power. Furthermore, power itself is a manifestation of moral and ethical desires. In order to make sense of this ethical substructure located in the work of Machiavelli and Hobbes, and analysis will be undertaken to explicate the conditions that they hold make the need and use of power necessary and beneficial for society. For Machiavelli the greatest moral good is that of a stable and virtuous state, and any action should be directed toward that end, while for Hobbes the need for the utilization of power derives from the inherent desire to elevate man out of the state of nature. It is only through an investigation to these underlying assumptions can an understanding of their related theories of power be compared and prop erly deployed in modern society. Niccolo Machiavelli focuses on hereditary and newly acquired monarchies in The Prince, having devoted time to the nature of republics in another work (Machiavelli 34). One of the most important characteristics that a new prince can have, and by prince Machiavelli is referring to any leader of a nation or state much in the same way Hobbes uses sovereign, is that he acts virtuously. "When these [actions] are recognized as virtuous, he wins over more men and they are more bound to him than if he were of the ancient blood" (Machiavelli 118). It is essential that men be bound to their prince because this manifests itself in stability and loyalty to him. When such men are dissatisfied with their leader they are more likely to foment rebellion and such a rebellion is more likely to be successful as their cause will be seen as just. Machiavelli is very much concerned with how a prince is regarded among his subjects. He spends much of the work discussing the respective advantages and disadva ntages of being loved versus being hated or being feared versus being liked or being generous versus being parsimonious. The sort of individual who recognizes these advantages and is able to manage them well is a person of high valor and ability. Machiavelli cites a number of historical sources to reveal how these highly qualified individuals are best able to maintain a stable and peaceful state, despite the difficulties in establishing it. The difficulty arrives insofar that since men, "do not readily believe in new things until they have had a long experience of them," it requires a great of tact and resolve to install stability where there was once corruption and or chaos, thus men are chosen by the moment for which to act and be counted (Machiavelli 50). Machiavelli of course recognizes the need for the military and physical subjugation of people in order to keep them pliant. He explicitly acknowledges the fact that the characters in history he mentions such as Moses or Theseus would not have been successful had they been unarmed, but it nevertheless remains that their ability to persuade and compromise occasionally allows them to maintain their position. The state is inseparable from its prince and vice-versa. The maintenance of their position while serving their purposes also serves the purposes of the state.

Attacks in Computer Systems versus Web-based Systems Case Study

Attacks in Computer Systems versus Web-based Systems - Case Study Example The similarities are also influenced by the homogenous nature of the technologies used in both types of systems. A web-based system is, essentially, a computer system that supports activities on the internet. This makes web presence the only contrast between the two systems and creates the uniformity in the types of attacks employed. The growth in web-based cybercrime has been enabled by various factors, which have had different magnifying effects on the observed increase in this type of criminal activity. The first factor is the increasing availability of internet connectivity in many areas of the world. Although it may appear trivial at first glance, greater access to the internet has inspired many hackers to engage in cybercrime; to the extent that they can find whichever resources they want (Provos, Rajab, & Mavrommatis, 2009:42). Using the internet, potential hackers can easily access information that instructs them on how to commit cybercrime. For example, currently, anybody with an internet connection can view links containing â€Å"tutorials† on how to engage in cybercrime. It is safe to say that this information is more easily accessible to people with internet connections than those without. The second factor is an increase in online transactions that have created opportunities for people to engage in criminal activities like stealing of online financial information. The internet has brought with it an explosion in e-commerce, and since e-commerce relies on web presence, cybercrime has grown alongside it. It is a case of people taking advantage of the weaknesses involved in online transactions like the provision of credit card information and identification data (Provos, Rajab, & Mavrommatis, 2009:44). However, this could also be said to be a direct result of technological development. As technology becomes more advanced, its flaws become more pronounced.  

Study On Shakespeare Richard II Drama Essay

Study On Shakespeare Richard II Drama Essay The opening scene of Richard II is illuminating on several counts. On the one hand, Richard II, as king, appears to be acting out in full, his role as supreme arbiter of the land, by presiding over an appeal for treason. This medieval trial requires the presence of the king as both ruler and immediate dispenser of justice. On the other hand, as the scene unfolds, we gradually learn that what is being undermined is not simply the respective reputations of the rival nobles, Bolingbroke and Mowbray, but the very claims of the king himself to his Divine Right to rule. We learn that what they are fighting about is the murder of Thomas of Woodstock, Richard IIs uncle. Bolingbroke appears to know that Richard had secretly ordered Woodstocks death. Obviously, it is impossible for Bolingbroke to accuse Richard directly of his own crime. Nevertheless, his solution, amounts to a thinly-veiled accusation: he accuses Mowbray of murdering Woodstock while under his custody knowing full well that Mowbray himself was carrying out Richards instructions. Meanwhile, for the same reason, Mowbray cannot publicly name the guilty man and resorts to a perfectly traditional game of returning Bolingbrokes insults and accusations. The otherwise perfectly conventional solution proposed by the king, a joust, is as much deployed in defense of his royal power, as presented as an honorable solution for noblemen. At the very moment when the king appears to be at his most powerful, we can already discern how precarious this hold on power really is and on what it rests: a conflation of political and divinely ordained authority. The implication of the concept of the Divine Rights of Kings is that any challenge to royal power is unthinkable because it is not merely treason, as viewed in other cultures, but also tantamount to blasphemy. This becomes clear in scene 3 when Richard realizes that he may soon lose his crown. Richard refuses to acknowledge that royal power relies on human, rather than divine intervention: Not all the water in the rough rude sea Can wash the balm from an anointed king. The breath of worldly men cannot depose The deputy elected by the Lord. (3.2 50-53) The notion that the ceremonial anointment of the king is divinely ordained and cannot be outdone is acted out in its full pathos when Richard II literally uncrowns himself in Act 4 in a bizarre mirror-ceremony. On the face of it, Henry V as a character could not be more different from Richard II. Unlike Richard who merely ignores his subjects and provokes their rebellion through unwise policies, Henry is much more charismatic and popular, while at the same time, politically much more astute. Through a combination of eloquence and bravery he is able to inspire and unite his kingdom against an external enemy in a way that Richard could only have dreamt of. Henrys political skills are most in evidence in 2.2 when he plays a rather Machiavellian trick on the plotters Cambridge, Grey and Scrope. Henry asks their opinion on whether he should be lenient to traitors. Having received the expected, hypocritical responses, Henry pretends to hand them their written military commissions to be carried out as his faithful subjects. In fact, they are letters informing them that Henry knows of their plot. They are promptly arrested. This is far from being an isolated instance of Henrys cunning side. During a pause in the battle in 4.1, he disguises himself as a common soldier and mixes with his infantry, engaging them in conversation. Their talk centers on the respective roles of king and subject. Henry maintains that despite the apparent gulf, the king is fundamentally the same as the common man: I think the King is but a man, as I am. The violet smells to him as it doth to me; the element shows to him as it doth to meHis ceremonies laid by, in his nakedness he appears but a man, and though his affections are higher mounted than ours, yet when they stoop, they stoop with the like wing. (4.1.99-104) Yet a few lines later, he contradicts himself by countering Williams and Bates (the common soldiers) argument that the king also has greater moral responsibility that comes with power. Henry repudiates his earlier assertion of shared humanity by asserting his special position as king: Twin-born with greatness: subject to the breath Of every fool, whose sense no more can feel But his own wringing. What infinite heartsease Must kings neglect that private men enjoy? (4.1, 216-219) The implication is that because of his divinely ordained kingship, Henrys actions cannot be held to account and scrutinized on the same level as commoners. Henry wants to maintain a problematic and dubious distinction between his own kingly violence and the violence of common men, which is merely criminal. It becomes clear that Henry not only likes power games, but wants to write the rules of the game too. This becomes apparent later, when he pardons Williamss (unintentional) challenge to himself as the king. This scene is then deployed to illustrate royal magnanimity. To these examples can be added Henrys wooing of Catherine in 5.2. Whether or not Catherine is won over is frankly irrelevant because in fact, the French King had already, in scene 3, offered Catherine to Henry before his invasion of France. The wooing scene is thus, strictly, superfluous. Back to: Example Essays Conclusion We have seen how in both plays, the notion of the Divine Rights of Kings is mobilized to defend and extend royal prerogatives. In Richard II, Bolingbrokes rebellion is portrayed as inherently unnatural because it is both treacherous and blasphemous. Yet it is plain how ineffective a monarch Richard is. In Henry V, royal power is likewise portrayed as god-given but as we have seen it deployed we are forced to confront the gulf between virtuous kingship and successful statecraft based on the Machiavellian model. Both plays raise the question that what makes someone an effective king may be very far removed from what makes a morally admirable one. Bibliography: King Henry V Arden Shakespeare, 1995 Richard II Arden Shakespeare, 2002 Hamilton, Donna, The State of Law in Richard II Shakespeare Quarterly 34 (1983): 5-17 Greenblatt, Stephen, Invisible Bullets: Renaissance Authority and its Subversion, Henry IV and Henry V. Political Shakespeare: New Essays in Cultural Materialism. Ed Jonathan Dollimore and Alan Sinfield. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985.